Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have become an essential tool for governments worldwide to develop and modernise healthcare infrastructure. By leveraging private sector investment, expertise, and efficiency, PPPs help bridge funding gaps, improve healthcare accessibility, and ensure the long-term sustainability of medical facilities.

The expansion of renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, has been a cornerstone of Hungary’s strategy to diversify its energy portfolio and achieve sustainability objectives. However, the inherent variability of solar power generation presents challenges for maintaining grid stability and ensuring a reliable electricity supply.

April 2025 – In the first quarter of 2025, the Romanian Competition Council (“RCC”) published several significant decisions, launched new investigations, and imposed fines in cases involving abuse of dominant position, price coordination, and other anticompetitive practices.

Employer of record (EoR) services are becoming increasingly popular for companies looking to expand rapidly internationally. This allows a company to enter a market and recruit workers in another country quickly, efficiently and at lower cost without setting up a subsidiary. As with any panacea, however, it is important to be careful.

Conduction of business activities is not possible without possessing a bank account. Business entities[1] are required to open bank accounts, manage all funds through these accounts, and make all payments via these accounts[2], with banks being the only authorized institutions to open and maintain bank accounts[3].

An exclusive evidentiary contract is a type of agreement in which the parties undertake to accept the assessment of a person or panel appointed to evaluate certain technical or expert matters related to a specific dispute. This agreement, particularly used in areas requiring technical expertise, functions as an evidentiary contract and carries binding consequences for the parties.

A successful closure of a complex M&A transaction involving the sale of Serbian companies through an innovative escrow solution, overcoming trust issues, financing challenges, and regulatory requirements.

The Government of Hungary has recently adopted Government Decision 1089/2025 (III. 31.) on the country's Cybersecurity Strategy, effective between 2025–2030.

The Serbian Competition Commission ("Commission") has published a Report on the sector inquiry of competition conditions in the private healthcare services market in the Republic of Serbia for the period from 2019 up to 2023 ("Inquiry").  

On 6 March 2025, the European Payments Council officially accepted North Macedonia’s application and included North Macedonia in the Single Euro Payments Area (“SEPA”). With this, North Macedonia became the 39^th member of SEPA.

The Hungarian Government is committed to reducing environmentally harmful activities and protecting the environment. However, fines imposed by environmental authorities for violations related to environmental permits, noise pollution and air quality have remained unchanged for 15–20 years. The Government expects all investments to meet the highest environmental standards, and under the “polluter pays” principle, non-compliant companies will face penalties.

Over the past years, the number of casual and seasonal employees in Hungary has reached nearly 320 thousand, however, according to the Government, many employees are only registered as such because of the tax benefits associated with the forms of simplified employment.

In recent years, Croatian enterprises have increasingly embraced innovative ownership structures to retain and incentivize top talent. Initially spearheaded by the IT sector, this trend has expanded across industries, from established family businesses to emerging ventures. The rationale is straightforward: aligning employee interests with long-term corporate success through equity participation. 

If a bank fails to comply with its information obligations in consumer credit agreements, it may be deprived of its right to charge interest and other fees. This applies even if the severity of the violation and its consequences for the consumer varies from case to case.

The word “fiduciary” originates from the Latin language and in translation means trust or pledge and dates back to Roman law and denotes a contract that is created when one party, the fiduciary (fiducians), hands over to another party a fiduciary (fiduciarius) something for ownership, and the fiduciary undertakes to return the same thing to the ownership of the fiduciary after the expiration of a certain term or the fulfillment of a certain condition. The fiduciary transfer of ownership rights i.e. fiduciary (“Fiduciary”) was introduced as a legal institute into the Montenegrin legal system through the Law on Fiduciary Transfer of Rights (“Official Gazette RCG No 23/96”) and after that, it continued to live under the Law on Property Relations (“Official Gazette CG No 19/09”).

At the beginning of this year, the Court of International Commercial Arbitration of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania (CICA) has adopted a new set of arbitration rules (the New CICA Rules). The New CICA Rules govern arbitral proceedings starting with 1 January 2025, replacing the rules which were in force from 2018 (the Old CICA Rules).

As we near the conclusion of the first quarter of 2025, it is clear that the Greek corporate landscape and M&A market are undergoing significant changes influenced by a variety of economic, regulatory, and social factors. While the M&A sector experienced steady activity over the past two years, its overall momentum was relatively muted, primarily due to geopolitical tensions, social dynamics, and inflationary pressures. However, a much-anticipated increase in traction appears to be on the horizon, making a comprehensive understanding of the current trends and challenges within the market crucial to effectively navigate and track this evolving environment.

On January 24, 2025, the Council of State, Greece’s highest administrative court, issued four landmark judgments. These are Decisions No 146, 147, 148, and 149/2025 of the Council of State in Plenary Session, published on January 24, 2025, and made available to the public on February 5, 2025. The decisions are expected to significantly impact the country’s real estate market.